Well try this. The laws of physics are the same in any inertial frame. The guy traveling on a space ship going 100,000 miles per second will shine a flashlight and he will see that these photons leave his rocket ship at 186,000 miles per second will he not. If not then how do the photons making up his light beam know how fast they are travelling. ?? Maybe there is a Higgs-like effect which acts as a property of free space that behaves as a thick syrup-like fluid to restrain the propagation of light in the electro-magnetic field.??

That's a good hypothesis.

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perhaps that is where photons get their mass equivalency ??

Einstein's theory says that at the speed of light, mass becomes infinite, which in turn requires an infinite amount of energy to move it. i.e. an impassable limit.
But that has never been proved, and we don't know how to prove or disprove it either. But I am convinced that in certain situations FTL is possible. We just need to discover how to harness that. Einstein was a very clever man for his time, but he was necessarily hamstrung by the limitations of scientific knowledge back then.
Imagine if he were alive to day with access to the LHC results etc. Would he re-write some of his theories? I rather think that he would.

I think the LHC results are very much a proof that Einstein was right.
He was also aware of that his theories had some flaws.
But he didn't know that the universe is expanding.

Firstly, we know that the furthest outer limits of the observable universe are
moving away from us at above the speed of light.

Yes but that's not objects that are moving away from each other.
It's the space between them that get larger.

The speed of has been well establised, IMO.
Nothing can exceed that, IMO.
Space/time manipulation has hypothetical possibilities.

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The speed of has been well establised, IMO.
Nothing can exceed that, IMO.
Space/time manipulation has hypothetical possibilities.

Certainly neither hadrons or leptons can travel faster. Something else?

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Apparently then free space knows how fast that the light or object is travelling in order to to impose restrictions on the force required increase per unit of acceleration. Is the Higgs displaying some aspect of causing this phenomenon.

If we say that the speed limit is 186,000 miles per hour then how do we know that we are eligible to count from zero velocity. Suppose the limit is 286,000 miles per sec and we are already moving through space at 100,000 miles per second.

My mind gets boggled when it comes to the speed of light. Say two spaceships are capable of just over 1/2 the speed of light, if they are travelling along the same line in opposite directions at full speed wouldn't that mean, relative to each other, that they are exceeding the speed of light and undetectable by the other?

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Bob DeWoody

My motto: Never do today what you can put off until tomorrow as it may not be required. This no longer applies in light of current events.

Interesting comments but you didn't answer my question.

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Bob DeWoody

My motto: Never do today what you can put off until tomorrow as it may not be required. This no longer applies in light of current events.

My mind gets boggled when it comes to the speed of light. Say two spaceships are capable of just over 1/2 the speed of light, if they are travelling along the same line in opposite directions at full speed wouldn't that mean, relative to each other, that they are exceeding the speed of light and undetectable by the other?

None of two spaceships are exceeding the speed of light relative to each other.
They are still detectable by the other.
You have to remember that time ticks different to the observer, but not to the observant when objects travel very fast.
You are always moving not only in space, but spacetime as well.
At LHC they accelerate particles to more than 99.99% of the speed of light from both directions and let them collide.
That doesn't result that they hit each other at twice the speed of light.
Only at almost speed of light because of the time dilation.
And they are very much detectable from all point of views.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_dilation

Galaxy Song:)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XfcC6FYyL4U
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e4NAdSuieGE

The Le Scienze site says that the LHCb project at CERN, which detects the decays products of the B-mesons, show an anomaly in the sense that while, according to the Standard model they should consists of equal numbers of electrons/positrons couples and muons/ antimuons couples, the electron/positrons couples are more frequent and this might be the result of a new, unknown, particle. Or this may be only a statistical fluctuation, as it has already happened, in the Atlas/CMS data. I am waiting for the 20 April online issue of "Nature" magazine for more details. The LHCb project is also simulated in LHC@home project, a collective project which includes 6 CERN projects. I used to run them standalone but since they were "consolidated" they all fail on my three PCs, two Linux and one Windows, so I had to abandon the project. I received no help from CERN.
Tullio

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King Abdullah II of Jordan has inaugurated Sesame, the Synchrotron Radiation Source built near Amman by an international partnership including Jordan, Israel,Iran, Cyprus, Turkey, Pakistan and the Palestinian National Authority. Its Scientific Director is Giorgio Paolucci who comes from the Elettra SRS built by Carlo Rubbia near Trieste, in Area Science Park where I worked.
Tullio

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King Abdullah II of Jordan has inaugurated Sesame, the Synchrotron Radiation Source built near Amman by an international partnership including Jordan, Israel,Iran, Cyprus, Turkey, Pakistan and the Palestinian National Authority. Its Scientific Director is Giorgio Paolucci who comes from the Elettra SRS built by Carlo Rubbia near Trieste, in Area Science Park where I worked.
Tullio

Yes Tullio.
When we where sitting in all our cathedrals the middle east was very much in to science.
Insha'Allah:)

Quantum entanglement, science’s ‘spookiest’ phenomenon, achieved in space.
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/speaking-of-science/wp/2017/06/15/quantum-entanglement-sciences-spookiest-phenomenon-achieved-in-space/?tid=sm_tw&utm_term=.ab84a7a334e5
https://twitter.com/MilenaRodban/status/876166100215623680
https://phys.org/news/2017-05-unbreakable-quantum-entanglement.html

I've tried to read the "Science" article, but it was not open. Let us wait for a next "Nature" article. From what I got so far, if you create a pair of entangled photons on a satellite and send photon A to a location on Earth and photon B at a different location, 1203 km away, when they arrive they are still entangled, so a measurement say of its polarization at location A determines its polarization at location B. This is what Einstein called "spooky action at distance".
Tullio

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How do they keep track of a particular photon--do you tag them. How do you synchronize your clocks to determine "instantaneous" state change. Maybe one side of the coin is "heads" and the other side is "tails" and when you look you may instantly assume that the other side is "heads". What is the process for entangling 2 photons?

I think the process for entangling 2 photons is to send a laser beam to a crystal which splits the beam, while maintaining the coherence. For details, I would like to read a more detailed description.
Tullio

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I think the quantum world is one of those places that is stranger than I can imagine. And I can imagine some pretty strange things.

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Bob DeWoody

My motto: Never do today what you can put off until tomorrow as it may not be required. This no longer applies in light of current events.

That was also Richard Feynman's opinion. You are in good company.
Tullio

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